![]() The soft sign is the opposite: it palatizes a consonant in a situation where it normally wouldn't be palatized, such as in the word 'письмo' (mail letter). The hard sign used to occur at the end of many words, but now it's really only used when a prefix ends in a hard consonant and the stem begins with a soft vowel, so that rather than palatizing the preceding consonant, the soft vowel is pronounced with a yod. *** The hard sign, and more importantly, the soft sign have been the subject of vast amounts of linguistic debate and discusson in Russian. ![]() I like using 'y' for this one, since it is a yod, the same sound that begins a syllable after a hard sign when the vowel is soft ** This sound is usually used in diphthongs. But after a soft sign they should be written with the 'j,' so that 'in July' is 'v ijul'je' and 'of July' is 'ijul'ja'. After a hard sign, I'd write all of these letters as 'ye,' 'ya' etc., so that it's clear that the preceding consonant is not palatized. 'Ja' and 'ju' need to always be written with the 'j' in order to distinguish them from 'a' and 'u.' I would write 'je' and 'jë' at the beginning of words, though, to distinguish them from 'e,' which only really occurs at word initially. Also, 'ë' is always grammatically related to 'e,' and is always stressed. I simply write 'e' and 'ë' as transliterations of the first two, since palatization can be amost understood with these, especially if the syllable is stressed. Palatization is distinctive in Russian, meaning it can be the difference form one word to another. This refers to the fact that the soft group palatizes the preceding consonant, which is perhaps the single most typically Russian phonological feature. * The letters E,Ë,И,Ю,Я are considered soft vowels, with the counterparts Э,O,Ы,У,A as hard vowels. The following system is the one used by the American Library Association and approved by the Library of Congress for transliterating Russian into English ( Cyrillic, IPA, English]): ![]() Luckily, there is a system of transliteration for the Cyrillic alphabet into the English one, which has become quite standardized, thank God. They can't just be inserted in Cyrillic letters, since more often than not, someone reading a non-Cyrillic text cannot read the letters since they probably don't speak one of those languages. But this can be a problem when Russian words and names come up in texts written in the Latin alphabet. Expand your vocabulary by learning the most used words first.The Russian language is written in the Cyrillic alphabet, as everyone knows. Russian Learners' Dictionary: 10,000 Russian Words in Frequency Order - A simple but powerful concept. The Big Silver Book of Russian Verbs - A great reference book of conjugated Russian verbs. Russian-English Bilingual Visual Dictionary - A visual dictionary with lots of illustrated examples.Ī Comprehensive Russian Grammar - A great reference on Russian grammar. The New Penguin Russian Course: A Complete Course for Beginners - Probably the best course in a book. All results are returned in unicode (UTF-8) format so they should be easy to copy and paste, into other documents.Ī downloadable version of this tool is available for Windows users. If you wish to translate a word try our English-Russian dictionary.Īs with all machine based transliterations and translations, this can never be perfect, but it should be a useful to help Note: This is not a translation tool, it simply converts the text from Latin to Cyrillic (or reverse). This service could also be useful to people who don't have a Russian keyboard. ![]() Welcome to our new English Russian machine trasliteratation system.Įnter a word or sentence into the box above, and you can phonetically transliterate it from Latin (English) to Cyrillic (Russian) text.
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